1.1—5.12 This section deals with the final preparations to enter the Promised Land. Notice the ways in which this passage provides closure to the failures and wanderings of Numbers.
5.13—11.23 recounts the conquest of the Promised Land. If the violence of this section disturbs you, don't forget that Israel was an instrument of the Lord's judgment against specific nations (Gen 15.16; Deut 9.4–6; 20.16–18). It is not so much that God takes sides (5.14) as that God uses Israel.
Chs. 12–21 is a very long and difficult passage. Ch. 12 summarizes everything so far in the form of a list of conquered kings. Then chs. 13–21 describe the division of the land among the tribes. It will be helpful to consult a map (source: biblestudy.org):
Ch. 22 is about the return of Reuben, Gad, and Manasseh to the region across the Jordan (remember Num 32).
Chs. 23–24 is sort of an epilogue. Recall that Shechem is where God promised Abram, “To your offspring I will give this land” (Gen 12.6–7). Verse 32 also points out that Israel had purchased some land there long ago (Gen 33.19). This is where they rebury Joseph (remember Gen 50.25; Exod 13.19). Israel has come home!