John Heidemann / Papers / Design and Evaluation of Network Reconfiguration Protocols for Mostly-Off Sensor Networks

Design and Evaluation of Network Reconfiguration Protocols for Mostly-Off Sensor Networks
Yuan Li, Wei Ye, John Heidemann and Rohit Kulkarni

Citation

Yuan Li, Wei Ye, John Heidemann and Rohit Kulkarni. Design and Evaluation of Network Reconfiguration Protocols for Mostly-Off Sensor Networks. Ad Hoc Networks Journal. 6, 8 (Nov. 2008), 1301–1315. [DOI] [PDF] [alt PDF]

Abstract

A new class of sensor network applications is mostly off. Exemplified by Intel’s FabApp, in these applications the network alternates between being off for hours or weeks, then activating to collect data for a few minutes. While configuration of traditional sensornet applications is occasional and so need not be optimized, these applications may spend half their active time in reconfiguration every time when they wake up. Therefore, new approaches are required to efficiently “resume” a sensor network that has been “suspended” for long time. This paper focuses on the key question of when the network can determine that all nodes are awake and ready to communicate. Existing approaches assume worst-case clock drift, and so must conservatively wait for minutes before starting an application. We propose two reconfiguration protocols to largely reduce the energy cost during the process. The first approach is low-power listening with flooding, where the network restarts quickly by flooding a control message as soon as the first node determines that the whole network is up. The second protocol uses local update with suppression, where nodes only notify their one-hop neighbors, avoiding the cost of flooding. Both protocols are fully distributed algorithms. Through analysis, simulation and testbed experiments, we show that both protocols are more energy efficient than current approaches. Flooding works best in sparse networks with 6 neighbors or less, while local update with suppression works best in dense networks (more than 6 neighbors).

Bibtex Citation

@article{Li08a,
  author = {Li, Yuan and Ye, Wei and Heidemann, John and Kulkarni, Rohit},
  title = {Design and Evaluation of Network Reconfiguration Protocols for Mostly-Off Sensor Networks},
  journal = {Ad Hoc Networks Journal},
  year = {2008},
  sortdate = {2008-11-01},
  project = {ilense, snuse, cisoft},
  jsubject = {sensornet_subtransport},
  volume = {6},
  number = {8},
  month = nov,
  pages = {1301--1315},
  jlocation = {johnh: pafile},
  keywords = {fabapp, fastbootmac, scp-mac},
  doi = {doi:10.1016/j.adhoc.2007.11.009},
  url = {https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Li08a.html},
  pdfurl = {https://ant.isi.edu/%7ejohnh/PAPERS/Li08a.pdf},
  copyrightholder = {Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc.},
  copyrightterms = {Single photocopies of single articles
  	may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright
  	laws. Permission of the Publisher and payment of a fee is required for
  	all other photocopying, including multiple or systematic copying,
  	copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms
  	of document delivery. Special rates are available for educational
  	institutions that wish to make photocopies for non-profit educational
  	classroom use. Permissions may be sought directly from:  Elsevier
  	Global Rights Department / P.O. Box 800 / Oxford OX5 1DX, UK /
  	phone: (+44) 1865 843830 /
  	fax: (+44) 1865 853333 /
  	e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk
  }
}

Copyright

Single photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission of the Publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying, including multiple or systematic copying, copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Special rates are available for educational institutions that wish to make photocopies for non-profit educational classroom use. Permissions may be sought directly from: Elsevier Global Rights Department / P.O. Box 800 / Oxford OX5 1DX, UK / phone: (+44) 1865 843830 / fax: (+44) 1865 853333 / e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk
Copyright © by John Heidemann