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Geography-informed Energy Conservation for Ad Hoc Routing

Ya Xu, John Heidemann, and Deborah Estrin
USC/Information Sciences Institute

Abstract

We introduce a geographical adaptive fidelity (GAF) algorithm that reduces energy consumption in ad hoc wireless networks. GAF conserves energy by identifying nodes that are equivalent from a routing perspective and turning off unnecessary nodes, keeping a constant level of routing fidelity. GAF moderates this policy using application- and system-level information; nodes that source or sink data remain on and intermediate nodes monitor and balance energy use. GAF is independent of the underlying ad hoc routing protocol; we simulate GAF over unmodified AODV and DSR. Analysis and simulation studies of GAF show that it can consume 40% to 60% less energy than an unmodified ad hoc routing protocol. Moreover, simulations of GAF suggest that network lifetime increases proportionally to node density; in one example, a four-fold increase in node density leads to network lifetime increase for 3 to 6 times (depending on the mobility pattern). More generally, GAF is an example of adaptive fidelity, a technique proposed for extending the lifetime of self-configuring systems by exploiting redundancy to conserve energy while maintaining application fidelity.

Availability

This paper is available in several formats: abstract web page with pointers and cites, gzip'ed postscript, PDF, paper copies can be obtained by mail to the authors. Copyright terms for this paper appear below.

Reference

Xu01a: Ya Xu, John Heidemann, and Deborah Estrin. Geography-informed Energy Conservation for Ad Hoc Routing. In Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pp. 70-84. Rome, Italy, USC/Information Sciences Institute, ACM. July, 2001. <http://www.isi.edu/~johnh/PAPERS/Xu01a.html>.

@inproceedings{Xu01a,
	author = "Ya Xu and John Heidemann and Deborah Estrin",
	title = "Geography-informed Energy Conservation for Ad Hoc Routing",
	booktitle = "Proceedings of the {ACM/IEEE} International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking",
	year = "2001",
	publisher = "{ACM}",
	address = "Rome, Italy",
	month = "July",
	pages = "70--84",
	keywords = "GAF, AFECA, ad hoc routing, energy conservation",
	url = "http://www.isi.edu/~johnh/PAPERS/Xu01a.html",
	psurl = "http://www.isi.edu/~johnh/PAPERS/Xu01a.ps.gz",
	pdfurl = "http://www.isi.edu/~johnh/PAPERS/Xu01a.pdf",
	organization = "USC/Information Sciences Institute",
}

Copyright

This paper is copyright © 2001 by its authors. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that new copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Abstracting with credit is permitted.

To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission of the authors.